Renal Hypertension–A Major Cause of End-stage Renal Disease

End-stage Renal Disease

Renal Hypertension–A Major Cause of End-stage Renal Disease
Renal hypertension puts stress and increased pressure on the kidney, and is a major cause of end-stage renal disease, also known as chronic renal disease, in the elderly. Vascular disease, also known as atherosclerosis, is prevalent in the United States, and as the population ages, the number of people with vascular disease will increase. So too will the number with renovascular hypertension and end-stage renal disease. People with end-stage renal disease require dialysis or kidney transplantation.
Renovascular hypertension should be suspected when the onset of hypertension occurs before age 30 or after age 50, or when stable hypertension becomes more difficult to control with medication. White males and blacks of both sexes are at higher risk and people over 50 are at higher risk.

Complications of Renovascular Hypertension
Early death
Hypertensive heart disease
Myocardial infarction
Congestive heart failure
Renal insufficiency or failure
Stroke

Treatment of Renal Failure
Interventional radiologists also play a role in treating patients with renal failure. In these patients, revascularization with angioplasty has gained acceptance as a treatment to improve or stabilize renal function, with improvement seen in approximately 40 percent of patients. Use of this treatment will probably increase as awareness of the benefits and relatively low risk of angioplasty become more widely understood in the medical community.

Patients with chronic renal failure need regular hemodialysis that performs the kidney's job of ridding the body of toxic waste products, and to maintain fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance. One of the greatest challenges facing patients and their doctors is keeping the vascular access graft open for dialysis. Most patients with chronic renal failure receive dialysis using synthetic bridge grafts made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). These tend to clot or malfunction, decreasing reliable access for life-sustaining dialysis and causing considerable morbidity, discomfort and inconvenience for dialysis patients.

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