The third stage of chronic renal failure

The first three stages of chronic renal failure, chronic renal failure in medicine is divided into four stages, the first stage of chronic renal failure - renal decompensation, chronic renal failure stage 2 - azotemia, chronic renal failure on stage 3 - renal failure (uremia early), chronic renal failure stage 4 - uremia, for the treatment of chronic renal failure, according to different situations stage treatment, clinical staging of chronic renal failure is based on the patient's illness determined look for chronic renal failure patients summary of clinical staging criteria:

Decompensated renal function: normal glomerular filtration rate of 120 ml per minute. This reduction in glomerular filtration rate 30-60 ml / min, reducing renal unit about 20% -25%. Despite the loss of renal reserve capacity at this time, but for the excretion of metabolites, regulation of water, electrolyte and acid-base balance is still good, so no special clinical manifestations, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen sometimes usually normal or slightly elevated.

Azotemia: The glomerular filtration rate reduction of 25 ml / min, reducing by 50% -70% of renal units, renal dysfunction concentrated, there nocturia or urine, varying degrees of anemia, often the quality of nitrogen in blood disease, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen levels. Clinically fatigue, loss of appetite, mild nausea and general discomfort. This stage renal protection as neglect or body extra load, such as severe vomiting, diarrhea, caused by hypovolemia, severe infection and the use of nephrotoxic drugs, etc., can cause rapid kidney function decline and failure.

Chronic renal failure Stage 3 - renal failure (uremia early): When the glomerular filtration rate is reduced to 10-15 ml per minute, nephron reduction of about 70% -90%, severely impaired renal function, can not be maintained the body's metabolism and water and electrolyte and acid-base balance. Impossible to maintain a stable internal environment, resulting in serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen increased significantly, diluted urine concentration dysfunction, acidosis, sodium retention, low calcium, high phosphorus, potassium and other balance disorders performance. May have significant anemia and gastrointestinal symptoms such as fatigue, lack of concentration, lack of energy and so on.

Uremia: clinical symptoms of renal failure is more evident above, the performance of multiple organ failure, such as gastrointestinal, neurological, cardiovascular, hematopoietic system, respiratory system, skin and metabolic system imbalance. Clinically manifested as nausea, vomiting, irritability, high blood pressure, palpitation, chest tightness, not supine, breathing difficulties, severe anemia, convulsions, coma and severe, often hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, hypocalcemia, high phosphorus hyperlipidemia. The need to rely on dialysis to stay alive. Often due to hyperkalemia, cerebral edema, pulmonary edema, heart failure and sudden death.

Process more than four times that of the specific evolution of renal failure, including chronic renal failure Stage 3 - renal failure (uremia early) during the treatment period is crucial.